Generic Skills in Career and Technical Education :: Skills Work Careers Essays

Generic Skills in Career and Technical Education Career and Technical Educators Employ a Variety of Strategies for Teaching Generic Skills The Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) identified the general skills that most workplaces require, thus providing a basis for programs that prepare students for employment. Reform programs such as Tech Prep and High Schools that Work strive to incorporate these "generic" skills as they offer students a rigorous academic background, technological literacy skill development, and learning experiences that are situated in the context of real-world environments (Pucel 1999). Integrated academic and CTE programs and contextual learning efforts offer similar opportunities to promote the learning of generic skills by linking them to specific workplace and social practices. Workplace learning experiences are another way of highlighting generic skill development by placing students in job situations where these generic skills are used in combination with occupational or technical skills. Although the United States has adopted a variety of strategies for the teaching of generic skills, it is not the only country to do so. Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom have initiated similar programs to address generic skill development. In Australia, integrated curriculum that infuses literacy into specific vocational courses has served to illustrate the necessity of contextualized, multiple literacies (Searle et al. 1999). Case Studies to Advance Skills and Employability, a project conducted at the Universities of Northumbria and Newcastle, emphasized the development of employability skills within the academic curriculum (Holmes and Miller 2000). The contextual integration of employability skills into curriculum has become a recent trend in Canada and the United Kingdom (Overtoom 2000). Although there is evidence that generic skills are being taught in schools, there is great ambiguity about what they are. Many terms have been used to describe them: key skills, core skills, transferable skills, personal transferable skills, and employability skills. The list of skills defined by whatever term is being used varies across countries; however, most lists include communication skills, interpersonal and social skills, organization and planning skills, problem-solving skills, creative thinking, literacy, and technology skills. The Australian key competencies add "cultural understanding" as a generic skill (Werner 1995). Most attempts to define generic skills more closely "have resulted in a plethora of superficially similar but often significantly different lists" (Drummond, Nixon, and Wiltshire 1998, p. 20). Guile (2002) contends that definitions of generic skills are grounded in the complexity of relationship that they imply, which in turn directs how the skills are being taught.

Assignment in English Essay

A good listener can easily respond if he/she possesses an effective listening if they can evaluate the meanings, sound patterns and the vocabulary of each words. (Rost, 2002) defines listening, in its broadest sense, as a process of receiving what the speaker actually says (receptive orientation); constructing and representing meaning (constructive orientation); negotiating meaning with the speaker and responding (collaborative orientation); and, creating meaning through involvement, imagination and empathy (transformative orientation). In the process of communication, 40% came from listening while speaking have only 35%. It means that listening is the most important tool in communication process. It may become ineffective if the listener have some difficulties in recognizing the sound pattern and the structure of each words. It may also affect the communication procedure when there is misunderstanding to the speaker through its barriers which is the noise. And most of the time, the listener itself lose their attention and interest to the topic which can affects the relationship between the speaker and listener. So they should motivate their listeners so that they will continue in delivering their messages to their respective audience. There are three levels of listening; each is characterized by certain behaviors that affect listening effectiveness. Level 1 has the highest potential for understanding, retention and effective communication; level 3 has the lowest. These are general categories to help us understand our listening; they overlap and interchange depending on the situation. All of us listen at different levels of effectiveness throughout the day, as the circumstances and people around us change. For example, it is difficult for most people to listen effectively in the midst of a highly conflicted situation, when they are dealing with emotional people, when they are being criticized, when they are being corrected, or when they are feeling fearful, anxious, or angry. Others listen very effectively when they are working or ministering, only to tune out when they arrive home. These are the three levels of listening; a. ) the active listening that gives the full attention to listening when another is talking and focuses on what is being said and doesn’t allow the distraction but fully alert and engaged; b. the passive listening where the listener hears words but does not really listen because he couldn’t really understand the significance of what is being said; and c. ) the non-listening where the listener’s attention and response is not real and he/she pays attention to himself and own thoughts. Very few people spend most of their time listening at level 1. Most of us listen at all three levels over the course of a day, but the more we listen at level 1, the more effective we will be as leaders. Listening is a five-step process consisting of listening preparation, receiving, constructing meaning, responding, and remembering (Hybels & Weaver, 2007). The first three steps are crucial. Skipping a step can be disastrous. How accurate of a response can be derived without first preparing to listen followed by receiving information? There could not be enough information to accurately construct a meaning. The first step, preparation, is the foundation for listening. Having the proper mindset and environment are critical. The second step in the active process of listening is receiving. A number of processes involved in comprehension are intrapersonal; that is, they take place inside your head. This section familiarizes you with the nature of human information processing and the concept of inner speech. c. Remembering There has been a great deal of research on memory. Remembering is essential if you intend to apply what you have heard in future situations. This chapter acquaints you with the three basic memory systems and the work that has been done in listening training and assessment with regard to the memory process. d. Interpreting When you interpret message you do two things. First, you take into accounts the total communication context so that you are better able to understand the meaning of what is said from the speaker’s point of view. Your ability to empathize, or to see a situation from the other person’s perspective, requires that you pay attention to emotional meaning and to the communicate context. Second, effective listeners let their partners know that they have been understood. e. Evaluating You listen from a unique point of view and are influenced by your perceptual filters- your past experiences, attitudes, personal values, and predispositions.

John Stuart Mill’s Explanation of the Harm Principle

John Stuart Mill’s explanation of the harm principle is not as useful as once believed. Although the harm principle does in fact have some logic, it fails to set clear and concise borders regarding what denotes allowable hate speech. The harm principle essentially states that all speech, including hate speech, should be allowed. However, speech that causes a definable harm must be censored. For example, merely offensive speech is allowed; however, the context of the offensive speech in question is important in understanding when to apply Mill’s harm principle. The principle has some major flaws, as Mill does not take into consideration the numerous factors that must be examined before deciding whether or not to apply the principle, such as†¦show more content†¦Even if a critique is meaningless, Mill argues that we did our best at attempting to ensure the validity of a claim. We should therefore study all modes and perspectives in which something can be looked a t, since our knowledge base depends on subjecting ourselves to alternative viewpoints to know the truth about something. The disagreement and contestation that potentially occurs is what leads to the truth. Furthermore, contrary to the beliefs of certain monarchs during his time, Mill argued that human beings are not infallible; therefore, we can never be certain that anything is definite, because we are not in a position to be judges of certainty (Cahn 443). The usefulness of an opinion is subjective and open to discussion, and due to the fallibility of humans, no individual has the right to stifle the opinion of another, for we can never be certain we are stifling a false opinion (Cahn 461). Even our truest convictions must be tested, Mill argues, because even they can be partly mistaken. However, it may in fact be that our convictions are logical and valid. Mill asserts that even then we must subject ourselves to critics and alternative viewpoints; only then can our convictions become vivid in our mind and character. If our beliefs are not tested, they will become robotic and lifeless. Further, Mill argues that we must not think in black and white, for different positions hav e value in them and since we are not judges of what isShow MoreRelatedJohn Stuart Mill s On Liberty And Utilitarianism Essay2257 Words   |  10 PagesThis essay examines and inspects liberty and order conflict based on the writings of philosopher John Stuart Mill, titled On Liberty and Utilitarianism. We will discuss how his philosophical views on equality as fundamental to what it means to be human. We will interpret John Stuart Mill’s theorist view on equality as fundamental to the good or bad functioning of the state? The question and debate we would also raise will be, is equality be integral the arrangements of power? Lastly, we wouldRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill And Income Inequality1721 Words   |  7 PagesECON1401 Written Assignment 1 – John Stuart Mill and Income Inequality Many great economic thinkers throughout history has offered various differing yet interrelated views and ideas that may prove useful to the analysis of current issues in modern economics. A persistent issue in the modern economy is income inequality whereby the distribution of income among the population is unequal. This means that the gap between the rich and the poor increases over time if the issue is not appropriately addressedRead MoreEdmund Burkes Reflections on the Revolution in France and John Stuart Mills On Liberty1277 Words   |  6 Pagescompare the theories and ideas from both Edmund Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France and John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty. In comparing these two philosophers, I will be paralleling their ideas and my own ideas I will be attributing them towards the modern day whistleblower, Edward Snowden. Political figures, government representatives and philosophy advocates have carefully studied Burke’s and Mill’s writings over hundreds of years to better understand their theories on governmental control inRead MoreImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill2050 Words   |  9 PagesKant and John Stuart Mill in The Groundswork and Utilitarianism respectively. Kant, in The Groundswork, and Mill, in Utilitarianism, come to different conclusions about what is intrinsically good, yet neither of them come to a valid explanation for the following reasons; Kant produces a narrow view focused entirely on having a good will, acting only based off of duties, and ignoring the outcomes of your actions, while Mill calculates intrinsic value based off of the greatest happiness principle whichRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Profound Work On Liberty2193 Words   |  9 Pages In John Stuart Mill’s profound work On Liberty, he preaches against the conformity of the nations and outwardly encourages and restlessly defends voice of the individual. The philosopher expresses the importance of individuality by warning against forces such as the government and other citizens silencing their opinion. Though Mill gives due recognition to virtues such as free speech, liberty, and individualism, he also rightly places limitations on our freedoms to ensure that they do not infringeRead MoreQuestioning the Effectiveness of Affirmative Action Policies1952 Words   |  8 Pagesexamine the ethics of affirmative action. At first, a short explanation of the issue under discussion will be given as to help the reader understand what is this essay all about. Along with this explanation, the relevance to the business world will be stated. Furthermore, the essay will approach the ethical problem both from a consequentialist and a non-consequentialist standpoint. These two perspectives will be interpreted by taking Mills utilitarianism as an example of the former and Kants categoricalRead MoreUtilitarianism, by John Stuart Mill Essay2012 Words   |  9 PagesIn John Stuart Mill’s work Utilitarianism, Mill is trying to provide proof for his moral theory utilitarianism and disprove all the objections against it. Mill defines utilitarianism as a theory based on the principle that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness (Ch. II, page 7). He calls this the â€Å"greatest happiness principle. Mill says, â€Å"No reason can be given why the general happiness is desirable, except theRead MoreLiberal Ideas Of Equality And The Right Of Law1591 Words   |  7 Pagessuch as individualism and personal liberty, equality and rule of law and property and the free market principle, drawing heavily from work by John Locke. Next, Lockeà ¢â‚¬â„¢s work will be discussed to show how the development of liberal ideals from Thomas Hobbes. Lastly, substantive equality will be contrasted to explain how upper class interests are expressed and favoured in classical liberal thought. John Locke (cited in Ten 1986, p. 95) explained in Essays on the Law of Nature that while both humans andRead MoreUtilitarianism in Government1653 Words   |  7 Pagesit tends to diminish it, for the party whose interests are in question† (Bentham, 1780). To discover what we should do in a given situation, we identify the various courses of action that we could take, then determine any foreseeable benefits and harms to all affected by the ramifications of our decision. In fact, some of the early pioneers of utilitarianism, such as Bentham and Mill, campaigned for equality in terms of womens suffrage, decriminalization of homosexuality, and abolition of slaveryRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness2248 Words   |  9 Pagesplanet. However, the real question that has been contested for centuries is the true meaning of happiness? The true meaning of happiness is one of the most highly debated philosophy topics in history. Most famous are the writings of Aristotle and John Stua rt Mill who both paint very opposing pictures of happiness. Mill believes happiness is obtained through pleasure and the absence of pain. On the other hand, Aristotle insist happiness is obtained through living a fulfilling, virtuous life. This passage

Reggae Drumming Essay - 612 Words

Discuss the theoretical and technical concepts of reggae drumming, with reference to its historical context (500-600 words) Reggae is a music style (genre) which developed in the Caribbean (Jamaica) in the late 60s, which originated from the development of â€Å"Ska† and â€Å"Rocksteady†. Reggae is recognized worldwide by the rhythmic accents provided from the off-beat pattern (usually played by the guitar or piano) it is also known as the â€Å"Skank†. This pattern accents the 2nd and 4th beat in each bar (or on the ‘amp;’ of each beat all depending on how the music/ piece is counted) and combines with the drum that emphasises on beat 3 creating a unique feel. Reggae music usually has a 4/4 time signature, with a low tempo. For the drums, 8th†¦show more content†¦- The Emphasis is entirely on the 3rd beat of the bar. (Usually on the snare, or a rim-shot combined with the bass drum). - Bob Marley â€Å"One Drop† is a perfect example of this beat â€Å"Rockers†: Another style of drumming is called â€Å"Rockers† which was invented by the Drum and Bass duo (Sly and Robbie). This style emphasises on the bass drum being played on the 1st and 3rd beat instead of just the 3rd alone. Everything else is consistent with the â€Å"One Drop† style. This gives a much harder sound, and increases the song drive more. - It plays a similar beat to that of the guitar. - An emphasis can be found on the 1st and 3rd beat of the bar. - At times, counter rhythms can be played over the beat, but the 1st and 3rd beat are always noticeable. â€Å"Steppers†: The last common reggae drumming style is called â€Å"Steppers†. This is when the beat includes the bass drum hit on all 4 quarter notes, creating a stronger driving pulse. This style has a stronger sound than ‘Rockers with an even stronger beat. - It is probably the most simple of the beats. - Its defining characteristics are a solid 1-2-3-4 of the bass drum. - A good example of the Steppers beat can be found through a piece by Bob Marley, titled: â€Å"Exodus†. Here is an example of a â€Å"One Drop† rhythm/ Style: Here is an example of a â€Å"rockers† rhythm/ Style: Here is an example of a â€Å"steppers† rhythm/Show MoreRelatedThe True Beauty Of Music1430 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough their songs and music. â€Å"Nations in Latin America were beginning a process of rapid urbanization. Cultural nationalism was widespread and expressed itself in musical nationalism† . Music developed greatly after independence, art forms like Reggae, diaspora, Samba, Tango, and Calypso that were established in the twentieth century are still practiced and celebrated today all around the world. Music helped the Caribbean people express thoughts that were suppressed during the times of slaveryRead More An Overview of Reggae Music Essay1268 Words   |  6 Pages Reggae is a genre of music that originated in Jamaica during the late 1960s. It is known for the heavy and strong emphasis on the bass within the background beat. Reggae was perceived as a kind of music used to express feelings about the social, political, and economic hardships in Jamaica du ring the late 1960s and early 1970s. It was performed by musicians from black ghettos who used unhurried beats to make a style of music of their own. Reggae became an important part of the lifestyle of manyRead MoreHistory of Jamaican Music1268 Words   |  6 Pageslater by English colonists. (Megan, R.) Jamaicans possess a musical heritage that comes from their African and European roots. Reggae music is Jamaica’s best sound. 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Music bridged the gap between the different ethnicities Music is part of everyone’s culture especially here in the Caribbean. Our culture is recognized worldwide for its music. The Caribbean has different genres of music such as calypso, reggae, dance hall, zouk and many others. Our music has roots in both African and European cultures. The drum rhythm comes from the African influence and the melody from the European influence. Calypso is a style of Afro-Caribbean music originated in TrinidadRead MoreThe Great Bob Marley1537 Words   |  7 Pages If someone was asked to name the first famous reggae artist that came to mind, the majority of people would say one name, Bob Marley. Robert Nesta Marley, commonly known as Bob Marley, is undoubtedly the most famous reggae artist of all time. Additionally, he is responsible for bringing reggae to the masses, and he did this through his unique style, raspy voice, guitar playing and drumming. Bob Marley is known around the world for not only his music, but also his greater message of peace. FurthermoreRead MoreEssay on Hip-hop, Reggae, and Politics5105 Words   |  21 PagesHip-hop, Reggae, and Politics Introduction Music is an art form and source of power. Many forms of music reflect culture and society, as well as, containing political content and social message. Music as social change has been highlighted throughout the 20th century. In the 1960s the United States saw political and socially oriented folk music discussing the Vietnam War and other social issues. In Jamaica during the 1970s and 1980s reggae developed out of the Ghetto’s of Trench town andRead More Discontent Expressed through Blues, Jazz, Reggae, and Hip-hop5489 Words   |  22 PagesDiscontent Expressed through Blues, Jazz, Reggae, and Hip-hop In cultures all over the world, music can be seen encompassing many aspects of life for many individuals. 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A Cultural Competency Toolkit Ten Grant Sites Share...

Overall, the CLAS policy appears to be designed to address the needs of providing cultural competence to members of traditionally under-represented groups (e.g. African Americans, Hispanic Americans, homeless, etc.). The only recommendations that I would make would be that the policy provide clear guidelines on how to account for those who are of immigrant status for whom data may not be collected when assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of the standards. Also, there should be explicit rules to follow when determining whether or not those with limited English proficiency who may be able to speak English but not communicate effectively in writing (and vice versa) are provided with the necessary language assistance. In addition, there should be clear measures or ways to determine proficiency, and provision of services should not be based on assumptions in only one of the two forms of communication. References A Cultural Competency Toolkit: Ten grant sites share lessons learned (2001). Retrieved November 7, 2015 from http://www.consumerstar.org/pubs/CulturalCompetencyToolkit.htm Agency Cultural Competence Plan Format. (2013). Retrieved November 8, 2015, from the Office of Mental Health or website: www.omh.ny.gov/omhweb/cultural_competence An Analysis of the 2013 National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) in Health and Health Care (2013). Retrieved November 5, 2015, fromShow MoreRelatedAdvancing Effective Communicationcommunication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care Quality Safety Equity53293 Words   |  214 PagesAdvancing Effective Communication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care A Roadmap for Hospitals Quality Safety Equity A Roadmap for Hospitals Project Staff Amy Wilson-Stronks, M.P.P., Project Director, Health Disparities, Division of Quality Measurement and Research, The Joint Commission. Paul Schyve, M.D., Senior Vice President, The Joint Commission Christina L. Cordero, Ph.D., M.P.H., Associate Project Director, Division of Standards and Survey Methods, The JointRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesChapter 1 The Dynamic Environment of HRM 2 Learning Outcomes 2 Introduction 4 5 Understanding Cultural Environments 4 The Changing World of Technology What Is a Knowledge Worker? 6 How Technology Affects HRM Practices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee Rights 7 Motivating Knowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 Decentralized Work Sites 8 Skill Levels 8 A Legal Concern 8 Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve EmployeesRead MoreBackground Inditex, One of the Worlds Largest Fashion Distributors, Has Eight Major Sales Formats - Zara, Pull and Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home Y Kiddys Class- with 3.147 Stores in 70100262 Words   |  402 PagesInternational Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics at Lund University under the academic supervision of Associate Professor Thomas Lindhqvist and Associate Professor Hà ¥kan Rodhe The International Institute of Industrial Environmental Economics grants permission to reprint materials in this book provided that the reprint is for educational or other non-profit purposes and provided that the reprint contains a clear reference to the original material. 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Management Health and Social Care

Question: Produce an essay discussing the development of health and social care policy within the United Kingdom? Answer: The Department of Health (DH) is the ministerial department of the Government of United Kingdom and is responsible for setting up policies on social care and health issues in the United Kingdom. It oversees the English National Health Service (NHS). The Department of Health develops guidelines for improving the care quality and meeting the expectations of the patients. Some health care and social care policies have been put in place for improving the quality of the lives of the people, and the changes that they have brought have been significant (Valderas, Fitzpatrick and Roland, 2012). The present writing discusses the development of the welfare of the state and explores the development of health policy in reference to influential factors, that is, ethics, law, culture and religion, economics and politics. The closer integration of social care and health care has topped the priority goal for policies of successive governments of the United Kingdom for over 50 years. Several financial and policy tools have been taken up, but the overall progress has been found to be limited and patchy. This attributes to a variety of reasons that includes culture differences, dissimilar ways of working, accountability arrangements, funding and different regulatory regimes for assessing the performance of the organizations present to look after the health and social welfare of the people of the country. Attempts have been made to ensure that people get access to the right services at the right time and the right place. Successive governments in the last few decades have used several measures to bring reforms in health and social care. The financial crash, taking place in 2008 and election of 2010 has steered the interests of policy makers towards the need of integrated care and making of this aspect as t he foundation for further policies (Humphries, 2015). Some influencing factors make a great impact on the development of health and social care policy in the country. How such influence occurs is a topic of concern, and it would be a good idea to throw light on this aspect. The first aspect that draws attention in context to health policies is ethics. Ethical considerations make up a large part of the debate regarding what new incorporation needs to be made in the new health care policies. Chief in between these is tension between collective welfare or collectivism and individual choices. Such tensions are found to be in many debates cropping up in the field of health care services, like end of life, reproductive technology and health inequalities. With each passing year, health care professionals are facing new ethical dilemmas while delivering health care services. New policies in health care are being set up in England keeping in mind not to get into any controversy regarding maintenance of ethics (nuffieldtrust.org.uk, 2015). Legal aspects come second in the list of influential factors. In the United Kingdom, medical device legislation and clinical safety directives impact the solutions adhered to for brining changes in health policies. Healthcare regulators are in the need for more information to provide a license to the care providers (Gostin and Sridhar, 2014). Social issues make up a significant point in the context of health policies in the United Kingdom. In the western countries, there is a great influence of social concerns on health conditions as a whole. For example, an increase in health conditions like obesity and diabetes, along with an aeging population has a marked impact. There is an irresistible desire to deliver integrated care. This refers to the integration of delivery of care, like coordination of care, self-care, home care and care scheduling. Genuine healthcare business issues need to be solved immediately. Policies are made on the basis of the urgency to combine financial, clinical and administrative information (Bleich et al. 2012). Economics of the country is not far behind in making an impact on health policies. The economy of Europe is one of the recession or low growth sectors for the future. Therefore, there is less requirement for big government IT contracts. On the other hand, IT is taken up as the means of making efficiency savings. The looming information strategy from the Department of Health has chances of stressing this. All trusts in the country are finding it difficult to have an adequate control over costs. An estimation has been made that the total health IT that is spent in the country would reach to nearly 3 billion dollars by the year 2016, and it would be a 12% increase from what the situation was in the year 2010. Therefore, policies are made keeping this aspect in mind (Sandford, 2014). Next comes the need of focusing on political issues. There is a new coalition Government in the country that has committed to cut public spending (Lowndes and Pratchett, 2012). Thus, policies are reset for reducing cost. Lastly, attention needs to be given on religious and cultural influence on health policies. He influence of religion on healthcare has a long history. It has gained more prominence recently. Formulation of health care policies is surely underscored by several tensions regarding the features of the state, democracy and the impact of religion. There are no means of escaping the fact that religion requires people following a certain faith to access to particular health care services. The health issues that has gained attention in the context of religious beliefs are mental health and women care. Special attention needs to be given while making policies on such health issues (nef-europe.org, 2015). For a better understanding of the impact of influential factors on health policies, it would be a good idea to discuss the Health and Social care Act 2012. This Act was taken up for safeguarding the needs of the NHS to meet the challenges faced by it. This Act puts clinicians at the focus of commissioning, gives chance to innovate and empowered patient, thereby giving a new focus to public health. There are several factors that have influenced the change made in the policy. The rising demand for healthcare services and treatment costs is the most important influential factor. The constant need for bringing improvement in health care comes next in line. Public finances had made a considerable issue. The government had protected the NHS budget, thereby giving rise to a tight funding settlement while making the Act. Important legislative changes have been noticed in the Act. These include Clinically led commissioning, Provider Regulation to support innovative services, Greater voice for patients, New focus of public health, Greater accountability locally and nationally and Streamlined arms-length bodies (gov.uk, 2015). In conclusion, it can be said that brining changes in health and social policies is not an easy task and several barriers coming from the political, social and economic field makes a mark in influencing such policies in modern times in the United Kingdom. Policymakers must consider all the factors for brining significant changes in policies so that the aim of delivering the highest quality of care to the people of the country is fulfilled. References Bleich, S.N., Jarlenski, M.P., Bell, C.N. and LaVeist, T.A., 2012. Health inequalities: trends, progress, and policy.Annual review of public health,33, p.7. Gostin, L.O. and Sridhar, D., 2014. global health and the Law.New England Journal of Medicine,370(18), pp.1732-1740. gov.uk, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/138257/A1.-Factsheet-Overview-240412.pdf [Accessed 17 Dec. 2015]. Humphries, R. (2015). Integrated health and social care in England Progress and prospects.Health Policy, 119(7), pp.856-859. Lowndes, V. and Pratchett, L., 2012. Local governance under the coalition government: Austerity, localism and the Big Society.Local government studies,38(1), pp.21-40. nef-europe.org, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.nef-europe.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/NEF-RelDem-RELIGION-HEALTHCARE-Final.pdf [Accessed 17 Dec. 2015]. nuffieldtrust.org.uk, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/sites/files/nuffield/publication/policy-futures-9-ethics-dec99.pdf [Accessed 17 Dec. 2015]. Sandford, C.T., 2014.Economics of public finance: an economic analysis of government expenditure and revenue in the United Kingdom. Elsevier. Valderas, J.M., Fitzpatrick, R. and Roland, M., 2012. Using health status to measure NHS performance: another step into the dark for the health reform in England.BMJ quality safety,21(4), pp.352-353.

The Case of the Untouchable Water Carrier free essay sample

The caste system was and continues to be a terrible reality for people in Europe and Asia. Even though it is not as prominent now as it was before it was abolished, it still affects many people all around the world. To be born into a status, one that you can never leave or outlive is a great tragedy. How does one come to terms with knowing that a choice was never an option? It doesn’t matter if all the laws changed today, the fact remains that the human race is habitual: people will continue to operate based on what they have done for years. The abolition of slavery and the caste system didn’t mean that people would stop doing it but merely meant that it was no longer legal to do it. In this case, Raman tries to exact change because after all, the caste system was abolished, there are no more titles, and everyone should be allowed to have a job as long as they meet the qualifications. We will write a custom essay sample on The Case of the Untouchable Water Carrier or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He had every right to give Kishore a job, but he didn’t count on the mindset of the people he worked with. To them history was the present, and they were not about to break a habit that was pretty much all they knew to be constant. Relevance to International Business: Raman’s quandary here is one that most companies must deal with when plying their trade in countries outside of their own. MNE’s must comply with the policies of the country that they wish to conduct business or invest in. In the case, Raman’s bank has opened a branch in a location that is developing similar to a company moving its business into a developing country. This is an example of competitive positioning as they are using pre-emptive methods to secure profitability in that area. As such an established bank they should have been more aware of the local responsiveness of the personnel in their new branch. Even though the caste system had been abolished, the locals had not adjusted their mindset because it was already adopted as a habit to them. In a more direct sense, Raman made a decision on behalf of the company based on company policy and therefore there should have been no conflict as staff should follow policies. Unfortunately, the staff led with their beliefs and as a result jeopardized the operations of the bank and should be reprimanded as such. However, as an MNE the bank will be aiming to keep costs down and focus on keeping both customer and employee happy so â€Å"the untouchable water carrier† will most likely be the one to feel the brunt of the reprimand. Conclusion/Managerial Implication: As a manager at that bank Raman should have done more research on how the lifestyle of that particular region operated compared to where he was transferring from. His decision to hire the â€Å"untouchable† was not a wrong decision because, the fact still remains that the caste system was abolished. However, if he had done his research he would have known that the mindset of his staff was not up to par with his beliefs or the current law in regards to the caste system. He is now in a predicament where he will either risk losing clients or renege on a promise that he gave to Kishore by offering him the job in the first place. This is a lesson for other MNE’s as well because as they move into â€Å"unknown† territory they must thoroughly research the area and the people that live there to understand the culture and to aid in an easy diffusion process.